Jeremy Holland v. Joshua Hidalgo

**What Happened** Jeremy Holland sued Navarro College, claiming the school discriminated against him and allowed harassment to occur. Holland alleged that the college knew there was a serious risk of sexual assault happening but failed to prevent it. He argued the school should have acted on this knowledge before an assault actually took place. **What the Court Decided** The court dismissed part of Holland's case against Navarro College. The judge ruled that Holland didn't provide enough specific facts to prove the college actually knew about a substantial risk of sexual abuse before the alleged assault occurred. Without showing the school had this actual knowledge, his claim under Title IX (a federal law that prohibits sex-based discrimination in education) couldn't move forward. **Why This Matters for Workers** This ruling highlights how difficult it can be to hold employers or institutions accountable for failing to prevent harassment or assault. Workers need to understand that proving an organization "should have known" about risks isn't enough—you typically must show they actually knew about specific dangers and failed to act. This emphasizes the importance of documenting and reporting concerns in writing to create a clear record of an employer's knowledge.