Retaliation is the most commonly filed charge with the EEOC — the #1 basis every year for 17 consecutive years.
What is retaliation? An employer taking adverse action against you because you engaged in protected activity.
Protected activity includes: Filing a discrimination complaint, reporting safety violations, requesting a disability accommodation, taking FMLA leave, filing a workers' compensation claim, discussing wages with coworkers, and participating in an investigation as a witness.
Adverse actions include: Termination, demotion, pay cuts, schedule changes, increased scrutiny, negative performance reviews, transfers to undesirable positions.
You can have a valid retaliation claim even if the underlying discrimination complaint was wrong — as long as you made it in good faith.