No specific laws identified for this ruling.
The North Dakota Supreme Court affirmed the district court's award of attorney's fees to Big Pines in the amount of $103,138, finding that the personal guaranty was assigned to Big Pines and that litigation to enforce the lease constituted an attempt to 'realize upon the guaranty' entitling Big Pines to recover attorney's fees.
A personal guaranty allowing the guarantee to proceed directly against the guarantor without first proceeding against the principal is absolute and unconditional. Under an absolute guaranty, the guarantor is liable to the guarantee immediately upon the default of the principal. A decision on an award of attorney's fees rests in the sound discretion of the district court. The Supreme Court and the district courts possess concurrent jurisdiction to award attorney's fees on appeal however a preference exists that the initial determination be made by the district court.
This summary was generated to explain the ruling in plain English and is not legal advice.
Section 65-01-02(11)(a)(3), N.D.C.C., requires claimants to prove a compensable heart-related injury by showing with reasonable medical certainty their employment caused the injury and unusual stress was at least 50% of the cause of the injury. Objective medical evidence may not be established solely by deductive reasoning.
Claimants must prove by a preponderance of evidence that they have sustained a compensable injury and are entitled to workers' compensation benefits. A claimant must prove that the condition for which benefits are sought is "causally related" to a work injury. To establish a "causal connection," a claimant must demonstrate the claimant's employment was a substantial contributing factor to the injury and need not show employment was the sole cause of the injury. A compensable injury must be established by medical evidence supported by objective medical findings, which may include a physician's medical opinion based on an examination, a patient's medical history, and the physician's education and experience.
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