Court Rulings

Tort—Respondeat Superior Liability—Direct Negligence. In this original proceeding under CAR 21, the Supreme Court reviewed trial court orders dismissing plaintiff's direct negligence claims against an employer that acknowledged vicarious liability for its employee's negligence, and denying plaintiff's motion for leave to amend her complaint to add exemplary damages against the employer and the employee. The Court adopted the rule articulated in McHaffie v. Bunch, 891 S.W.2d 19 822 (Mo. 1995), which held that an employer's admission of vicarious liability for an employee's negligence bars a plaintiff's direct negligence claims against the employer. The Court declined to adopt an exception to this rule where the plaintiff seeks exemplary damages against the employer. The Court concluded that the trial court did not err in dismissing plaintiff's direct negligence claims against the employer or in denying plaintiff's motion for leave to amend the complaint to add exemplary damages. The Court therefore affirmed the trial court orders and discharged the rule to show cause.

We granted permission to appeal in this case to address the methods by which a trial court may determine the "fair value" of the shares of a dissenting shareholder under Tennessee's dissenters' rights statutes, Tennessee Code Annotated sections 48-23-101, et seq. In doing so, we overrule Blasingame v. American Materials, Inc., 654 S.W.2d 659 (Tenn. 1983), to the extent that Blasingame implicitly mandates use of the Delaware Block method for determining the fair value of a dissenting shareholder's stock. We adopt the more open approach espoused in Weinberger v. UOP, Inc., 457 A.2d 701, 712-13 (Del. 1983), in which the Delaware Supreme Court departed from the Delaware Block method and permitted trial courts to determine fair value by using any technique or method that is generally acceptable in the financial community and admissible in court. This approach allows trial courts to utilize valuation methods that incorporate projections of future value, so long as they are susceptible of proof as of the date of the corporate action and not the product of speculation. In this dissenters' rights case, the defendant minority shareholders were forced out of the corporation as a result of a merger, and the corporation petitioned the trial court to determine the fair value of the minority shareholders' stock. Both parties presented expert testimony regarding the valuation of the dissenting shareholders' stock, and both experts assumed that Blasingame required use of the Delaware Block method to value the stock. However, both experts also valued the dissenting shareholders' stock under more modern approaches, such as the discounted cash flow method. After a bench trial, the trial court discredited the testimony of the dissenting shareholders' expert and credited the testimony of the corporation's expert. The trial court's order indicates that it may have based its decision on the premise that Blasingame compelled use of the Delaware Block method to determine stock value. Consequ