The Fourth Circuit covers the federal courts in Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. The rulings below come from the circuit's court of appeals and the federal trial courts within it.
Of the 1,632 published rulings we track here (1973–2026), the breakdowns below show how they were decided. They describe published opinions only — not the odds of any particular situation.
Of the 1,632 published rulings we track in the Fourth Circuit.
A workplace lawsuit moves through stages, and a ruling can end it at any of them. Here is where the 1,620 rulings we could classify by stage were decided.
A higher court reviewing an earlier decision. Many published opinions come from this stage, after a lot has already happened in the case.
A ruling where the judge decides the case — or part of it — without a trial, because one side argues the key facts are not in dispute. For workers, getting past this step is often the biggest hurdle.
Of the 304 summary-judgment rulings here, 188 ended the case in the employer’s favor and 116 let the worker’s claims continue.
An early request — usually by the employer — to throw the case out before any evidence is gathered.
A judge or jury heard the evidence and reached a decision. Relatively few disputes get this far.
The two sides resolved the dispute by agreement, sometimes with court approval. Most settlements are private and never show up in published opinions.
A decision entered because one side did not respond to the case at all.
Procedural decisions and orders that do not fit the main stages above.
Browse rulings from courts in each state the Fourth Circuit covers.
Nestle Dreyer's Ice Cream Co. v. National Labor Relations Board
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Maritime Autowash, Inc.
Chappell
Phillip Smith v. Union County Board of Education
Guertler
Pac Tell Group, Inc. v. NLRB
United States ex rel. Adams Steel, LLC v. Elkins Contractors, Inc.
Adams
Constance Adamson v. World Government Communist Party
Samuel Calderon v. GEICO General Insurance Company
Pac Tell Group, Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board
National Labor Relations Board v. Pessoa Construction Co.
Nancy Williams v. GENEX Services, LLC
Bond
Rose Lorenzo v. Prime Communications, L.P.
Billy Anderson v. Officer R. Adams
Huntington Ingalls Inc. v. National Labor Relations Board
Hicks
Johnson v. Palmetto Citizens Federal Credit Union
Elbert Hicks v. U.S. Dep't of Labor
Ross Fiorani, Jr. v. Navy Federal Credit Union
Greenville Hospital System v. Employee Welfare Benefit Plan for Employees of Hazelhurst Management Co.
Adaobi Obioha v. Loretta Lynch
Hayes v. Bayer Cropscience, LP
Ervin
Fadel Hamdan v. Ghada El-Badrawy Younes
Intertape Polymer Corp. v. National Labor Relations Board
Freeman
Fiorani
Ross Fiorani, Jr. v. Navy Federal Credit Union
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Consol Energy, Inc.
Brian Smith v. Clark/Smoot/Russell
Adams
Chappell
Janeene Jensen-Graf v. Chesapeake Employers' Insurance Company
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Womble Carlyle Sandridge & Rice, LLP
Adams v. Anne Arundel County Public Schools
Freight Drivers & Helpers Local Union No. 557 Pension Fund v. Penske Logistics LLC
Fine
Adams
WMATA
Freeman
Johnny Adams v. Dr. Ofought
Durham School Services, L.P. v. General Drivers, Warehousemen & Helpers, Local Union No. 509, a/w International Brotherhood of Teamsters
Kearns
Edmond Adams, III v. Warden Eagleton
Somers v. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
Jones v. Food Employers Labor Relations Ass'n
Ruther
Constance Adamson v. Socialist Corporation of KY
Showing 851–900 of 1,632 rulings · Page 18 of 33
Explore employment rulings from the other federal circuits.
These figures summarize publicly available published court opinions only. Published opinions over-represent summary-judgment rulings (decisions made without a trial) and appeals, because those are the stages where judges most often write formal opinions. Most workplace disputes settle privately and never appear here at all. A ruling’s outcome reflects many case-specific factors and is not a prediction for any other situation. Read more about how we source and classify rulings.
Data sourced from public federal court records via CourtListener.com. Case outcomes extracted using AI analysis. This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. The classification of outcomes and case stages is based on automated analysis and may not reflect the full scope of each case.