The Fourth Circuit covers the federal courts in Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia. The rulings below come from the circuit's court of appeals and the federal trial courts within it.
Of the 1,632 published rulings we track here (1973–2026), the breakdowns below show how they were decided. They describe published opinions only — not the odds of any particular situation.
Of the 1,632 published rulings we track in the Fourth Circuit.
A workplace lawsuit moves through stages, and a ruling can end it at any of them. Here is where the 1,620 rulings we could classify by stage were decided.
A higher court reviewing an earlier decision. Many published opinions come from this stage, after a lot has already happened in the case.
A ruling where the judge decides the case — or part of it — without a trial, because one side argues the key facts are not in dispute. For workers, getting past this step is often the biggest hurdle.
Of the 304 summary-judgment rulings here, 188 ended the case in the employer’s favor and 116 let the worker’s claims continue.
An early request — usually by the employer — to throw the case out before any evidence is gathered.
A judge or jury heard the evidence and reached a decision. Relatively few disputes get this far.
The two sides resolved the dispute by agreement, sometimes with court approval. Most settlements are private and never show up in published opinions.
A decision entered because one side did not respond to the case at all.
Procedural decisions and orders that do not fit the main stages above.
Browse rulings from courts in each state the Fourth Circuit covers.
Cockman
Michael Peck v. U.S. Department of Labor
Mabry
Denker
Want
Axiall Corporation v. International Chemical Workers Union Council Of The United Food And Commercial Workers
Boyd
Doe
Kevin Adams v. Mark Elrich
Bellamy
DENNIS. SANDHILLS EMERGENCY PHYSICIANS, P.A.
FARM LABOR ORGANIZING COMMITTEE V. ROY COOPER
Doe
Swanson
Jones
Williams v. American Lumpers Services, LLC
Royall
Jackson v. Henderson County Hospital Corporation
Adams
Mahoney
Martin
Pate
Adams
Terry
Castro
Tucker
AMERICAN FEDERATION OF STATE, COUNTY AND MUNICIPAL EMPLOYEES, LOCAL 77 v. DUKE UNIVERSITY
Raktabutr
Axiall Corporation v. International Chemical Workers Union Council Of The United Food And Commercial Workers
Snodgrass
Sheldon
Di Biase v. SPX Corporation
Harrison
Jahagirdar
Dotson
Galleher
White
Benitez Gonzalez v. O. J. Smith Farms, Inc.
Bocangel
Montgomery v. Crothall Healthcare, Inc.
Duffey
Department Of Labor v. Sofia & Gicelle, Inc.
U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Enoch Pratt Free Library
Studco Building Systems US, LLC v. 1st Advantage Federal Credit Union
Laufer
Allen
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission v. Joe's Old Fashioned Bar-B-Que, Inc.
Greenwell
Nguyen
Graham
Showing 551–600 of 1,632 rulings · Page 12 of 33
Explore employment rulings from the other federal circuits.
These figures summarize publicly available published court opinions only. Published opinions over-represent summary-judgment rulings (decisions made without a trial) and appeals, because those are the stages where judges most often write formal opinions. Most workplace disputes settle privately and never appear here at all. A ruling’s outcome reflects many case-specific factors and is not a prediction for any other situation. Read more about how we source and classify rulings.
Data sourced from public federal court records via CourtListener.com. Case outcomes extracted using AI analysis. This information is for educational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. The classification of outcomes and case stages is based on automated analysis and may not reflect the full scope of each case.